Literature (from Latin litterae (plural); letter) is the art
of written work. The word literature literally means "things made from
letters". Literature is commonly classified as having two major
forms—fiction & non-fiction—and two major techniques—poetry and
prose.
Literature may consist of texts based on factual information (journalistic or non-fiction), a category that may also include polemical
works, biography, and reflective essays, or it may consist of texts
based on imagination (such as fiction, poetry, or drama). Literature
written in poetry emphasizes the aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of
language—such as sound, symbolism, and meter—to evoke meanings in
addition to, or in place of, ordinary meanings, while literature written
in prose applies ordinary grammatical structure and the natural flow of
speech. Literature can also be classified according to historical
periods, genres, and political influences. While the concept of genre
has broadened over the centuries, in general, a genre consists of
artistic works that fall within a certain central theme; examples of
genre include romance, mystery, crime, fantasy, erotica, and adventure, among others.
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